Том 337 № 3 (2026)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2026/3/5042
Флюидные компоненты в кордиеритах из пегматитов Среднего Урала (Россия) и Dolní Bory (Чехия) по данным беспиролизной газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии
Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью получения фактических данных по составу летучих в процессах кордиеритообразования в Li-Be пегматитах. Вновь полученные данные могут быть использованы для корректировки целостной модели формирования месторождений редких элементов с учетом вклада углеводородов. Цель: определить особенности состава флюида, законсервированного в структурных полостях и каналах, во флюидных включениях кордиеритов. Объекты: кордиеритсодержащие жилы в пегматитах Буженинов Бор, Мурзинское пегматитовое поле, Средний Урал (Россия) и Dolní Bory (Чехия). Методы: составы кордиерита и секанинаита изучены методом микрорентгеноспектрального анализа. Формы нахождения, структурные позиции и ориентировки молекул флюидных компонентов в алюмосиликатном каркасе определены методами ИК- и КР-спектроскопии. Валовый состав флюида проанализирован методом беспиролизной газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии с ударным разрушением образца. Результаты и выводы. Методом газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии определены компонентный состав и относительные концентрации летучих, локализованных в структурных каналах и полостях, флюидных включениях природных кордиеритов. Установлено, что флюиды, сформировавшие кордиерит Среднего Урала, существенно водно-углеводородные с примесью углекислоты, азот- и серосодержащих соединений. В их составе 87,5 отн. % H2O, 10,5 отн. % – сумма углеводородов и 1,7 отн. % CO2. Секанинаит из пегматитов Dolní Bory кристаллизовался из водно-углеводородно-азотного флюида с примесью углекислоты, серо- и галогенсодержащих соединений: H2O – 68,8 отн. %, сумма углеводородов – 16,5 отн. %, азотсодержащие соединения – 11,6 отн. %, СО2 – 2,6 отн. %. Всего в составе летучих уральского кордиерита идентифицированы 191, а в секанинаите 178 индивидуальных компонентов. Впервые в составе летучих зафиксированы одинаковые галогенсодержащие флюидные компоненты 1-хлорбутан (C4H9Cl) и 2,4‑дихлорбензиламин (C6H5Cl2N). Содержание 1-хлорбутана в уральском кордиерите 0,007, а в секанинаите – 1,669 отн. %, а 2,4-дихлорбензиламина – 0,084 и 0,066 отн. %, соответственно. Для уральского кордиерита характерно наличие в составе его эфиров бутилтрифторацетата (C6H9F3O2, 0,007 отн. %), а для секанинаита свойственно наличие 4‑(трифторметил)-бензоламина (C7H6F3N, 0,035 отн. %) и 2-фторбензальдегида (C7H5FO, 0,006 отн. %). В составе летучих секанинаита впервые обнаружен монооксид азота (NO, 0,042 отн. %).
Для цитирования: Флюидные компоненты в кордиеритах из пегматитов Среднего Урала (Россия) и Dolní Bory (Чехия) по данным беспиролизной газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии. Т.А. Бульбак, А.А. Томиленко, К.И. Затолокина, Е.О. Шапаренко. Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов, 2026, Т. 337, № 3, С. 59–73. https://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2026/3/5042
Ключевые слова:
кордиерит, секанинаит, флюидные компоненты, углеводороды, пегматит, газовая хромато-масс-спектрометрия, GC-MS, ИК-спектроскопия, КР-спектроскопия
Библиографические ссылки:
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
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