Relevance. The need to improve existing flotation systems for the extraction of minerals from natural ores of imported production and the search for the possibility of complete or partial replacement of components of flotation systems with domestic resource components based on renewable natural raw materials. Aim. To study the possibility of using lignosulfonates of various delignification methods as collecting reagents in the flotation of minerals from natural ores. Method. Comprehensive assessment of experimental and calculated results of comparative studies of the physico-chemical characteristics of lignosulfonates of various production methods. Results and conclusions. The authors have investigated the features of the foaming ability for lignosulfonates and found out that foaming is caused by saponins in the composition of L-rhamnose monosaccharide, present in hemicelluloses of the carbohydrate part of the lignosulfonates of the sulfite preparation method and practically absent in the carbohydrate part of the lignosulfonates of the neutral sulfite preparation method. The authors obtained the wetting edge angles for lignosulfonates of sulfite and neutral sulfite delignification methods in the solid–liquid–gas system, and numerical expressions of a mineral particle adhesion to a foam bubble surface. They calculated the adhesion characteristics of lignosulfonate macromolecules and adsorption and adhesion work values using the Young equation; the total and partial values of Gibbs energy and the change in Gibbs partial energy for the components of the lignosulfonate–water system. The authors determined the range of changes in the chemical potential and free energy of lignosulfonate systems, the shape and geometric dimensions of molecules. Based on this information the paper introduces the positive assessment of the possibility of using sulfite lignosulfonates to develop formulations of flotation systems at mining and processing plants in Russia.