Vol. 336 No. 7 (2025)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2025/7/4786
Universal system of criteria for selecting deep open pit dump trucks
Relevance. Sustainable development and operation of mining enterprises as major sources of economic growth in many countries is determined by the balance of economic, environmental and social objectives, as well as by the resources required to achieve them. Transportation is the most numerous and costly type of equipment in deep open pits. It accounts for up to 70% of the operating expenses of mineral extraction. Operating parameters of transportation means should correspond to the parameters of the open pit and meet the conditions of its operation. Many alternative variants of open pit transportation system layouts have appeared. This is due to the increase in carrying capacity of dump trucks, expansion of the model range of equipment manufacturers, as well as the increase in number of manufacturers and suppliers of dump trucks. The choice of a particular dump truck model is influenced by a significant number of factors. This predetermines the need for a multifactor approach to solving the problem of selecting dump trucks. The key tasks in such conditions are justifying the system of criteria for evaluation of relevant factors and selecting the most effective evaluation methods that provide accurate and reliable results. Aim. Systematization and determination of significance of dump truck selection criteria for deep pit conditions. Objects. Open pit, transportation system. Methods. Literature review, system analysis, multi-criteria decision making. Results. The authors have developed a universal system of criteria for selecting a dump truck model for deep open pits. The novelty of the proposed system lies in the complex consideration of all relevant factors known to date and criteria of dump truck selection and the development of a universal two-level evaluation system, including four global criteria (technical, technological, environmental, economic and organizational) and 32 sub-criteria. The authors proposed a methodology for determining the significance of criteria using the multi-criteria decision-making method Best Worst Method. They developed a methodology of criteria systematization for selection of dump trucks that considers the goals and objectives of decision makers on selection and operation of dump trucks at different levels of management of mining enterprises. The obtained ranks (weight coefficients) of criteria are recommended to be used by managers of mining enterprises and specialists of design organizations for dump truck model selection in specific operating conditions.
Keywords:
open pit, dump truck model, multi-criteria methods, criteria system, selection


