The relevance of the research was determined by the need to identify the most hazardous fire areas, prone to the effects of drainage. Identifying these areas forms the basis for predicting the risk of fires in addition to developing recommendations for the rational use and reduction of fire risks in the disturbed lands of the Jewish Autonomous Region. The aim of the research is the comprehensive assessment of the potentially natural fire hazards associated with drained marshes in the Jewish Autonomous Region. Methods. For a comprehensive assessment of the potentially natural fire hazards, the criteria were selected for medium shaped landscape with respect to occurrence of a fire: terrain (slope of the territory); climate (average annual rainfall and mean multiyear temperature in July); inland waters (density of the river network); soil (water permeability and soil moisture content); and vegetation (class of vegetation-associated fire dangers). Each indicator was evaluated on a uniform five-level scale. A comprehensive assessment was obtained by summing the scores, which were ranked according to the degree of fire hazard based on the developed scale. Results. The authors have  carried out the assessment, taking into account a number of the main natural factors causing the occurrence of fires within the wetlands. Areas with varying degrees of natural predisposition to the occurrence and spread of fires were identified. It was established that drainage reclamation is one of the agricultural factors contributing to the occurrence of vegetation fires. A change in the moisture regime primarily generates a transformation of the vegetation cover, where one type of vegetation is changed by another, as well as a change in soil cover and a decrease in the level of bog waters. All this leads to the fact that the class of fire hazard of the territory in aggregate and componentwise shifts towards an increase in fire hazard.