The relevance of the research.At present time the safety problems of water facilities, especially dams and other hydraulic structures are acute in the society. This is primarily due to the large economic, environmental and social losses, which lead to destruction of such facilities. In this regard, the need to minimize the likelihood of such events is obvious. This conclusion fully applies to the hydraulic structures in the Republic of Kazakhstan, most of which were built in the 60–80s of the last century and there were cases of emergency situations. The most significant of them are the breakthrough of earthen dams in Kyzylagash in 2010 and in Kokpekty in 2014. Recently, the use of new innovative methods for monitoring hydraulic structures, including geophysical methods, is intensively developing. Interpretation of geophysical measurements results can describe the structure and physicomechanical properties of the earth dams body in detail. This is the relevance of this work, which could be considered as a basis for further research and application of geophysical methods on the earth dams in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The aim of the research is toselect the optimal complex of geophysical methods for their subsequent testing at the earth hydraulic structures. Object of the researchis the causes of hydraulic structures accidents and the methods for their condition monitoring. Methodology: analysis of the causes of hydraulic structures destruction, analysis of the informativeness of geophysical methods for dams structure studying with justification of the optimal complex for diagnosis and prediction of the earth dams technical condition. As a result of study the optimal complex of geophysical methods was selected: electrical and seismic exploration, georadar sounding. This complex will be further tested on the earth dams.