The urgency of the discussed issue is conditioned by the possibility of applying drinking water limescale as an indicator of features of water-bearing rocks and quality of water. The main aim of the study is to investigate the features of chemical elements accumulation (heavy metals, rare, rare-earth and radioactive elements) in salt deposits, formed at water boiling on the territory of Altai Republic. The methods used in the study: Them main method of element composition analysis was instrumental neutron activation analysis.The results: The authors have stated the regional specific features of limescale in settlements of Altai Republic. Distribution of chemical elements depends on lithological composition of water-bearing rocks: maximum concentrations of chalcophile and lithophile elements are associated with clay sediments; Na, Zn, Br - with basaltic and andesite-basaltic porphyrites; Fe, Cr, Co - with carbonate facies. The geochemical specialization of underground water limescale appears also in water-bearing geologic formations of different age. It was shown that element composition of salt deposits correlates with chemical composition of underground water used in drinking water-supply. The authors make the conclusion that indicators of elements accumulation in limescale can be used for correcting geochemical features of waterbearing rocks and its chemical composition - as an indicator of drinking water quality.